SEM-7300 v2

Berlin, J. M., & Carlström, E. D. (2011). Why is collaboration minimised at the accident scene? A critical study of a hidden phenomenon. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal.
This article was chosen to underscore the differences that may exist between theory and practice regarding collaborative work paradigms. Researchers explore the processes of collaborating during regular work and normal operation. This study will assist in the development of a comprehensive understanding of how emergency operations may differ in nature from daily operations within a given system.

Kapucu, N., & Garayev, V. (2016). Structure and network performance: Horizontal and vertical networks in emergency management. Administration & Society, 48(8), 931-961.
This article was chosen as it provides a clear rationale for the usage of response networks during critical incidents. Researchers explore the usage of horizontal and vertical networks, examining how such networks may be most effectively used during response processes. This article provides insight into disaster operations, underscoring the importance of collaboration between networks and their actors.

Mukhopadhyay, A., Pettet, G., Vazirizade, Et.al. (2022). A review of incident prediction, resource allocation, and dispatch models for emergency management. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 165, 106501.
Researchers have developed statistical, data-driven, analytical, and algorithmic approaches for designing and improving emergency response management (ERM) systems in the last fifty years. The problem has been noted as inherently difficult and constitutes spatio-temporal decision making under uncertainty, which has been addressed in the literature with varying assumptions and approaches. This survey provides a detailed review of these approaches, focusing on the key challenges and issues regarding four sub-processes: (a) incident prediction, (b) incident detection, (c) resource allocation, and (c) computer-aided dispatch for emergency response. We highlight the strengths and weaknesses of prior work in this domain and explore the similarities and differences between different modeling paradigms. We conclude by illustrating open challenges and opportunities for future research in this complex domain.

The United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS). (2022). National Preparedness. Mission Areas and Core Capabilities. Retrieved from https://www.fema.gov/emergency-managers/national-preparedness/mission-core-capabilities
This resource was chosen as it details the specific operations that guide National Practices for the Field of Emergency Management. The United States Department of Homeland Security’s National Incident Management System is the nation’s premier response framework that is required to be implemented across all fields for public institutions. This document explores incident management and commands management paradigms across all sectors in an effort to harmonize response processes across all professional safety, security, and emergency management agents.

Cuthbertson, J., & Penney, G. (2023). Ethical decision making in disaster and emergency management: a systematic review of the literature. Prehospital and disaster medicine, 38(5), 622-627.
This article was chosen as it explores the multifaceted processes of disaster response from the perspective of leadership and response strategy. Researchers review numerous types of incidents that can affect human life and attempt to explain the types of relationships that may exist among responding actors. Although this article focuses on healthcare facilities, the strategies can be easily transferred to use in schools.