TRA-5500 v2

Alexander, B. (2021). Public school trauma intervention for school shootings: A national survey of school leaders. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(15). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157727
Understanding the people who are in the position to create these safety systems is key to building successful safety programs that do not further traumatize students. Community and the attributes of that community further the necessity for some students to have a safety plan that addresses the trauma they live in each day.

Worthington, V., Hayes, M., & Reeves, M. (2021). Active shooter protocols: perceptions, preparedness, and anxiety. Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research, 26(2), 91–100. https://doi.org/10.24839/2325-7342.JN26.2.91
Having data to support opinions on either side of this argument is extremely important. Review the data from this study.

Robey, N., Margolies, S., Sutherland, L., Rupp, C., Black, C., Hill, T., & Baker, C. N. (2021). Understanding staff-and system-level contextual factors relevant to trauma-informed care implementation. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 13(2), 249–257. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000948.supp
Understanding the people who are in the position to implement these safety systems is key to building successful safety programs that do not further traumatize students. How staff relate to students and build a community from a daily operational standpoint are highly important to the efficacy of safety programs that address trauma.

Clark, K., Bass, S., & Boiteaux, S. (2019). Survey of educators' Preparedness to respond to active shooter incidents. Radiologic Technology, 90(6), 541–551.
Active shooter drills are trending, as opposed to the past practice of quiet and hide. Understanding how trauma integrates within these drills and how to mitigate that trauma is instrumental in having programs that make students and staff feel safe. Understanding how educators feel and respond to these trainings is also crucial to creating a safe environment.