Clark, T., & Bolt, S. (2012). Bar chart. In N. J. Salkind (Ed.), Encyclopedia of research design (pp. 57-61). SAGE. This resource presents the importance of using bar charts to depict descriptive data. Specifically, presenting nominal and ordinal scale data.
Mihaescu, O. P. (2012). Frequency distributions. In N. J. Salkind (Ed.), Encyclopedia of research design (pp. 504-507). SAGE. Frequency distributions are used to depict all the values that the variable has taken in a dataset. They are very useful in descriptive statistics, as they allow the possibility of viewing each score and the respective frequency.
Persaud, N. (2012). Graphical display of data. In N. J. Salkind (Ed.), Encyclopedia of research design (pp. 542-544). SAGE. In research, business, and educational reports, graphs are used to present a clear picture of the data. This resource describes the characteristics of graphs and how to organize the data to better display the information.
Streiner, D. (2012). Histogram. In N. J. Salkind (Ed.), Encyclopedia of research design (pp. 572-573). SAGE. Histograms are used to depict interval and ratio scale data. This resource presents the importance of the histograms and the use of them to depict the shape of the data. Furthermore, this resource differentiates between bar charts and histograms.
Kulas, J., Roji, R. ,& Smith, A. (2020). Descriptive Statistics (Chapter 7). In IBM SPSS Essentials: Managing and analyzing social sciences data. Wiley & Sons.
Streiner, D. (2012). Pie chart. In N. J. Salkind (Ed.), Encyclopedia of research design (pp. 1031-1032). SAGE. Pie charts are another way to depict categorical data. This resource describes issues concerning pie charts, but it also provides guidelines to produce better ones.
Gordon, M., & Courtney, R. (2018). SPSS. In B. B. Frey (Ed.), The SAGE encyclopedia of educational research, measurement, and evaluation (pp. 1577-1583). SAGE.
This resource presents an introduction to the basic commands available in SPSS. It presents the description of the different windows found in the software, as well as instructions to conduct basic analyses.
This LibGuide includes all of the statistics resources curated by NU's Academic Success Center. Use the headings on the left side of this ASC page to navigate to your particular area of need.
