Is Unwilling Volunteering Protective for Functional Decline? The Interactive Effects of Volunteer Willingness and Engagement on Health in a 3-Year Longitudinal Study Nonaka, K., Fujiwara, Y., Watanabe, S., Ishizaki, T., Iwasa, H., Amano, H., Yoshida, Y., Kobayashi, E., Sakurai, R., Suzuki, H., Kumagai, S., Shinkai, S., & Suzuki, T. (2019). Is unwilling volunteering protective for functional decline? The interactive effects of volunteer willingness and engagement on health in a 3-year longitudinal study of Japanese older adults. Geriatrics & Gerontology International, 19 (7), 673–678.
Examination of volunteerism over a 3-year study.