SE-7500 v2

Multicultural Special Education for Inclusive Classroom: Intersectional Teaching and Learning
Perzigian, A. B. T., & Aziz, N. (2023). Multicultural special education for inclusive classroom: Intersectional teaching and learning. Routledge.
In Chapter 4, Culturally Responsive Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports for All Youth, the authors present an
alternative to a traditional PBIS model to address systemic discipline issues such as disproportionality.  This “theoretically robust and practitioner-friendly methodology” is based on Culturally Responsive Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (CRPBIS). Ideas from the CRPBIS can be integrated into your action plan in this lesson.

Teaching Students with Emotional and Behavioral Disabilities 
Hott, B., Randolph, K. & Raymond, L.  (2022) Teaching students with emotional and behavioral disabilities. San Diego: Plural Publishing. 
Read pp. 7-17 to assist you in understanding the significant disproportionality reporting requirements of IDEA as well as an overview of ways to address disproportionality. 

Solving Disproportionality and Achieving Equity: A Leader’s Guide to Using Data to Change the World 
Fergus, E. (2016). Solving disproportionality and achieving equity: A leader′s guide to using data to change hearts and minds. Corwin. 
You will read pp. 3-6 of this eBook to help you understand the issue of significant disproportionality in discipline. Review Root Cause Analysis 3 on pp. 115-126, paying special attention to the types of data you could collect to determine the relative risk ratio. Use pages 81-87 (6 pages) of this book to help you calculate risk ratios with your school-specific data. Chapter 5, pp. 167-195 will be very helpful in creating your action plan.   

CCBD's Position Summary on Federal Policy on Disproportionality in Special Education
CCBD’s position summary on federal policy on disproportionality in special education. (2013). Behavioral Disorders, 38(2), 108.
This policy paper from the Council for Children with Behavioral Disorders (CCBD) provides additional research on the issue of disproportionate discipline, especially for ethnically and racially diverse students. This summary will help you understand the difference between significant disproportionality and disproportionate representation and recommendations at the local, state, and national levels. 

Equity in Idea: Implementing the Final Rule 
Optional Video: Ryder, R., Gross, M., & Davis, R. (2017, March 30). Equity in Idea: Implementing the Final Rule (Webinar). United States Department of Education Office of Special Education Programs. YouTube. 
This webinar from the Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP) provides an overview of the federal disproportionality rule, an explanation of the reporting methodology, and suggested remedies to address disproportionality issues. 37 minutes, 7 seconds. 

Significant Disproportionality Calculator and User Guide
Optional Website: The IDEA Data Center (IDC) created this site which includes calculators and other resources to help states analyze their data, make determinations of significant disproportionality, and support local education agencies (LEAs) in analyzing data for significant disproportionality. 

Equity in IDEA: Implementing the Final Rule
Optional Video: Significant Disproportionality 201- Equity in IDEA: Implementing the Final Rule.